Aug 31 – Sep 6, 2026 · 17 new studies, 10 reviews · Shoulder & Elbow archive · All weeks
The new Shoulder & Elbow research The Reduction sent the week of Aug 31 – Sep 6, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.
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In a large propensity-matched database study, tobacco users had significantly worse complications after rotator cuff repair than nonusers, while nontobacco nicotine users had a milder risk profile similar to nonusers aside from slightly more adhesion lysis.
Cadaveric biomechanical study found bi/tricortical lag screws and wire cerclage provide stronger, more stable fixation of humeral allograft struts than suture-tape cerclage.
Comparing four AI language models against expert Delphi consensus for massive irreparable rotator cuff tear management, OpenEvidence and ChatGPT performed best but none matched expert-level decision-making.
A Repair-Tension Sweet Zone Maximizes Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rat Rotator Cuff Model.
In a rat rotator cuff model, a moderate repair-tension "sweet zone" (0.10-0.12 N/mm²) produced the strongest, stiffest, and best-organized tendon-to-bone healing compared to lower or higher tensions.
The pectoralis major reference technique improved tuberosity healing, humeral height restoration, and rotational function compared to conventional technique in hemiarthroplasty for complex proximal humeral fractures.
A deep learning model analyzing intraoperative arthroscopic images after rotator cuff repair predicted early tendon healing versus retear with high accuracy, potentially helping identify patients needing delayed rehabilitation.
Analysis of 363 Division I pitchers found that proximodistal segmental momentum sequencing timing predicts ball velocity and shoulder/elbow loading differently across arm slots, suggesting timing-focused training could reduce throwing injury risk.
Dermal allograft patch augmentation with triple-row repair for large-to-massive rotator cuff tears yielded a low 12.8% retear rate and favorable clinical outcomes with no adverse events at ~32 months.
Data-driven preoperative hemoglobin thresholds show that progressively lower hemoglobin levels stepwise increase risk of transfusion, infection, and periprosthetic joint infection after total shoulder arthroplasty.
This technique article details an arthroscopic subscapularis sling procedure using a glenoid bone tunnel and half-bundle peroneus longus tendon graft with labral reconstruction as an alternative treatment for recurrent anterior shoulder instability.
Medial and Lateral Ligament Bracing in Severe Elbow Instability After Acute Elbow Dislocation.
Combined medial/lateral ligament repair with bracing restored stability and gave good functional outcomes in severe elbow instability, though stiffness caused 15% revision rate.
In a randomized trial, adding telerehabilitation-based motor control exercises after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair improved scapular mobility and shoulder strength more than standard telerehab alone, though functional scores were similar.
In a large US database, clavicle fracture incidence rose 68% from 2015-2024, is more common in males with a bimodal age pattern, frequently coexists with rib fractures, and surgical fixation rates increased to about 7.5%, highest in young adults.
Minimum 5-Year Follow-up After Arthroscopic Latarjet: Outcomes and Complications.
At minimum 5-year follow-up, arthroscopic Latarjet showed low recurrence, high satisfaction, sustained WOSI improvement, and quality of life comparable to the general population.
Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction Using Hamstring Allograft in V-Shaped Configuration.
This technique article describes an all-arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction using a V-shaped hamstring allograft as a reproducible, lower-cost alternative for massive irreparable rotator cuff tears.
In a matched cohort with Walch B2/B3 glenoids, anatomic TSA with a posterior augmented glenoid and reverse TSA gave similarly excellent 2-year outcomes, though anatomic TSA had better rotation/flexion but more radiolucency.
CT-based surface mapping identified the hallux proximal phalanx, fibular head, and radial head as geometrically matched osteochondral autograft donor sites for reconstructing distal humerus and proximal ulna articular defects in young patients.
Management of Anterior Glenohumeral Dislocations in Elderly Patients.
This review outlines management strategies for anterior glenohumeral dislocations in elderly patients, emphasizing individualized decisions among conservative care, rotator cuff repair, glenoid fixation, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty based on injury pattern and function.
This scoping review of 35 studies finds preoperative GLP-1 receptor agonist use in orthopaedic surgery is generally associated with similar or lower complication, infection, and readmission rates, though spine surgery outcomes are mixed.
Tendon transfer for massive rotator cuff tears: A narrative review.
This narrative review outlines indications, biomechanics, outcomes, and complications of tendon transfer options for managing irreparable rotator cuff tears.
Making Sense of Topical Pain Relief Options: Comparing Topical Analgesics in Efficacy and Safety.
This review finds topical NSAIDs, lidocaine, and nitroglycerin patches have the strongest evidence for musculoskeletal pain, rotator cuff pain, and postherpetic neuralgia respectively, guiding selection by pain type and patient factors.
This scoping review finds shoulder injuries—mainly anterior instability and overuse—are common in weightlifting, driven by technique errors, positioning, and overtraining regardless of age or gender.
Optimizing Visualization in Shoulder Arthroscopy: An Evidence-Based Guide.
This evidence-based review examines techniques—positioning, débridement, radiofrequency ablation, epinephrine, tranexamic acid, and hypotensive anesthesia—for improving visualization during shoulder arthroscopy.
An international Delphi consensus among shoulder experts identifies key factors and preferred surgical strategies (e.g., reverse TSA for cuff-deficient shoulders, hemiarthroplasty for AVN) for managing glenohumeral arthritis in patients under 50, while noting persistent controversy.
This scoping review of 362 elbow arthroplasty studies found mostly small, retrospective series with inconsistent outcome measures, highlighting the need for standardized core outcome sets in future research.
Post-surgical physiotherapy in frozen shoulder: A review.
This narrative review examines post-surgical physiotherapy practices for frozen shoulder, suggesting varied rehabilitation responses may reflect differing underlying causal mechanisms of the condition.
This international Delphi consensus outlines expert-agreed technical and indication guidance for Latarjet, remplissage, and glenoid bone-grafting in anterior shoulder instability, though Latarjet/remplissage details lacked unanimous agreement.
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