Sep 14–20, 2026 · 19 new studies, 10 reviews · Shoulder & Elbow archive · All weeks
The new Shoulder & Elbow research The Reduction sent the week of Sep 14–20, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.
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In 64 patients with rTSA for proximal humerus fractures, pain relief and function were largely achieved by one year, with only modest further gains by two years, supporting one-year outcomes as sufficient for most patients.
At ≥5-year follow-up, combined endoscopic gluteal tendon and labral repair produced patient outcomes and reoperation rates comparable to isolated labral repair despite greater abductor pathology.
Cohort study found Exactech Equinoxe anatomic TSA implants had nearly double the revision risk versus other devices, even among non-recalled bags, though no difference was seen for reverse TSA.
A Delphi consensus by pediatric hand surgeons produced a new 3-tier classification for forearm deformity in multiple hereditary exostoses that showed substantially better interrater reliability than existing systems.
Surgical Outcome of Modified Woodward Procedure in Congenital Undescended Scapula.
Modified Woodward procedure for Sprengel deformity produced significant gains in shoulder motion, scapular position, and patient-reported function, even in older children and those with scoliosis.
In this RCT, skipping sling immobilization after open Latarjet surgery led to better 2-year Rowe and instability scores than standard sling use, challenging routine postoperative immobilization.
Reinforcing thin fascia lata grafts with a polyester patch significantly increased stiffness and ultimate load to levels matching thick grafts, offering a viable alternative for superior capsule reconstruction when thick graft harvest is difficult.
Epidemiology of Acromioclavicular Sprains in the National Football League, 2015-2021.
NFL data from 2015-2021 show AC sprains cause significant missed playing time, with running backs, tight ends, wide receivers, and quarterbacks having the highest injury rates, supporting targeted padding/bracing prevention strategies.
In anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, having two or more patient-reported allergies (especially non-antibiotic/pain medication allergies) independently predicted worse outcomes, though a single allergy did not.
In 303 primary total elbow arthroplasties followed a mean 4.6 years, 21% required reoperation—mainly for infection and aseptic loosening—highlighting persistent durability challenges despite modern technique.
Adding latissimus dorsi transfer to lateralized reverse shoulder arthroplasty did not improve external rotation or functional scores over rTSA alone but caused significantly more early proximal humeral bone erosion.
In this RCT of chronic tennis elbow, 'therapeutic-dose' radial shockwave therapy showed no benefit over minimal-dose treatment when combined with a home exercise program, arguing against high-dose ESWT protocols.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Arthroscopic Pre-Revision Tissue Biopsy in Shoulder Arthroplasty.
Arthroscopic pre-revision tissue biopsy showed poor sensitivity and negative predictive value for periprosthetic shoulder infection, so a negative result should not rule out infection or delay revision.
In 169 patients with complex elbow fracture-dislocations, heterotopic ossification occurred in about a third and was linked to male sex, terrible triad injuries, and delayed surgery, worsening functional outcomes.
In this 5-year MRI study, fascia lata grafts after superior capsular reconstruction progressively thinned over time, correlating with humeral head migration and worse clinical outcomes, and MRA revealed many "intact" grafts were actually retorn.
Among 255 arthroscopic Bankart repair patients, Hill-Sachs lesion size correlated with dislocation versus subluxation rather than chronicity, while chronic instability instead predicted a smaller distance to dislocation.
This technique paper describes using absorbable polydioxanone sutures to fix small osteochondral fragments in upper extremity intra-articular fractures, achieving union and joint congruity in a clinical case series.
A horizontal plate fixation technique for isolated greater tuberosity fractures achieved reliable union and good UCLA shoulder scores in 11 patients.
In this large registry study, highly cross-linked polyethylene reduced revision risk—including infection-related revisions—compared to non-cross-linked components in reverse shoulder arthroplasty for osteoarthritis and cuff arthropathy.
This scoping review finds objective clinical tests for return-to-sport after shoulder instability surgery vary widely in pass rates and don't reliably predict the 5-10% re-dislocation risk.
A Delphi consensus among ASES shoulder experts found agreement on surgery for certain complex proximal humerus fractures in healthy patients and nonoperative care in sicker patients, but no consensus on rehabilitation protocols or many fracture patterns.
Surgical Options for the Restoration of Elbow Extension After Brachial Plexus Injury.
This review outlines nerve transfer, tendon transfer, and free functioning muscle transfer options for restoring elbow extension in patients with brachial plexus injury.
Describes Australia's regulatory and registry framework (TGA approval, Prescribed List, AOANJRR) balancing accessible yet monitored shoulder arthroplasty use.
Instability and the Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.
This review outlines causes of instability after anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and offers strategies to prevent it, since revision success rates have historically been poor.
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Upper Extremity Peripheral Entrapment Neuropathies: A Narrative Review.
This narrative review finds diagnostic ultrasound to be a valid adjunct to electrodiagnostic studies for diagnosing upper extremity nerve entrapments, though standardized clinical guidelines are still lacking.
This paper advocates for the simple, low-burden SANE score as a universally reliable and valid patient-reported outcome measure across all shoulder conditions.
Shoulder electromyography activity during push-up variations: a scoping review.
This scoping review of 30 studies found unstable-surface push-ups produce the greatest overall shoulder muscle activation, helping guide targeted exercise prescription for rehab.
Ultrasonographic Technique, Appearance, and Diagnostic Accuracy for Common Elbow Sports Injuries.
This review details ultrasonography's technique and diagnostic value for common athletic elbow injuries, especially stress ultrasound for evaluating ulnar collateral ligament laxity.
Rehabilitation After Anatomic and Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Critical Analysis Review.
This critical review finds insufficient high-quality evidence to guide postoperative rehabilitation protocols after anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, with no clear benefit of early motion or formal physical therapy.
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