Iatrogenic Nerve Injuries of the Upper Extremity: A Critical Analysis Review.

»: Iatrogenic nerve injuries may occur after any intervention of the upper extremity.

»: Causes of iatrogenic nerve lesions include direct sharp or thermal injury, retraction, compression from implants or compartment syndrome, injection, patient positioning, radiation, and cast/splint application, among others.

»: Optimal treatment of iatrogenic peripheral nerve lesions relies on early and accurate diagnosis.

»: Advanced imaging modalities (e.g., ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging) and electrodiagnostic studies aid and assist in preoperative planning.

»: Optimal treatment of iatrogenic injuries is situation-dependent and depends on the feasibility of direct repair, grafting, and functional transfers.