Thumb Fractures and Associated Injuries: An Evidence Based Review to Guide Treatment.

Fractures of the thumb encompass a diverse spectrum of injury patterns, each requiring nuanced consideration of various treatment strategies. Associated conditions include injuries to the ulnar collateral ligament and radial collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint, which can significantly impact thumb stability and function. Although extra-articular fractures of the thumb metacarpal and phalanges are more tolerant of residual deformity due to compensatory movement of the carpometacarpal joint, intra-articular fractures, including Bennett and Rolando fractures, often benefit from surgical intervention to restore articular congruity. This review provides an updated analysis of the treatment and fixation options for thumb fractures and associated ligamentous injuries.