Orthopaedic Oncology Archive

SUMMARY: Analysis of 221 SEER cases shows bladder carcinosarcoma is rare, aggressive, and often high-grade with advanced stage as the only independent predictor of poor survival.

SUMMARY: In cell and mouse models, pulsed electromagnetic fields killed osteosarcoma cells via ferroptosis while promoting normal bone healing, suggesting a noninvasive adjuvant therapy after tumor resection.

SUMMARY: This review discusses multidisciplinary use of metastasis-directed local therapies (SABR, ablation, metastasectomy) for oligometastatic sarcoma, weighing pros/cons of each modality in complex oncologic care.

SUMMARY: This 2011 review outlines the molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and emerging translational research aimed at identifying targeted therapies to improve outcomes beyond current anatomically based staging and treatment.

SUMMARY: In 36 spinal chordoma patients, PET/CT-derived metabolic burden plus SINS>10 and Enneking stage IIB identified a hypermetabolic, aggressive subtype with high risk of recurrence, metastasis, or death, enabling a preoperative risk score.

SUMMARY: In 51 sarcoma resections, ICG fluorescence with an SBR cutoff of 1.67 was highly sensitive for detecting positive margins but not specific enough to replace surgeon judgment, suggesting a combined approach could reduce local recurrence.

SUMMARY: In 796 spinal metastasis surgery patients, allogenic RBC transfusion was independently and dose-dependently associated with higher 30-day infection risk with no safe transfusion threshold identified, supporting restrictive transfusion strategies.

SUMMARY: Most hand/wrist tumors are benign (commonly ganglion cysts and enchondromas), but malignancy can mimic benign lesions, so advanced imaging and biopsy should precede definitive treatment when diagnosis is unclear.

SUMMARY: In 133 pediatric patients undergoing biological reconstruction after lower-limb diaphyseal tumor resection, union rates (~73%) and complication risks were similar across IMT, vascularized fibula, and combined techniques, with tibial location predicting faster, more reliable healing.

SUMMARY: This review outlines the musculoskeletal manifestations of melanoma and stresses that orthopaedic surgeons should maintain suspicion for melanoma when evaluating pigmented lesions or metastatic bone disease.

SUMMARY: In newly diagnosed prostate cancer, serum preptin levels did not differ between patients with and without bone metastasis, indicating it is not a useful biomarker for metastatic status.

SUMMARY: In 937 adults with Ewing sarcoma, a new nomogram incorporating age, stage, site, size, surgery, and chemotherapy predicted disease-specific survival better than stage alone, aiding individualized prognosis.

SUMMARY: Review outlines how various antineoplastic agents affect wound healing and offers perioperative cessation guidance to reduce wound complications in oncologic orthopaedic patients.

SUMMARY: This review discusses endoprosthetic reconstruction options, complications, and shared decision-making challenges in treating pediatric and adolescent lower limb sarcoma near the knee.

SUMMARY: Over a decade, OITE oncology questions decreased in number but grew harder and more imaging-focused, suggesting a dedicated oncology rotation may better prepare residents.

SUMMARY: In a propensity-matched study of over 56,000 pairs, GLP-1 receptor agonist use in osteoporotic women over 50 was linked to roughly half the risk of vertebral fracture and augmentation procedures.

SUMMARY: This review outlines how radiography, CT, MRI, and PET/CT each contribute to Ewing sarcoma diagnosis, staging, and treatment response assessment, with radiomics/AI emerging as promising tools for risk stratification.

SUMMARY: This 2015 review examines receptor tyrosine kinases and RTK inhibitors as therapeutic targets in bone sarcomas and bone metastases, building on successes like imatinib in other cancers.

SUMMARY: A 36-patient series shows 3D specimen scanning and virtual margin mapping is a scalable workflow that enables AR-guided re-resection and dynamic margin visualization in musculoskeletal oncology.

SUMMARY: In a large registry, only about 9% of spinal metastasis patients survived 5 years, with SORG and NESMS scores remaining strong predictors of long-term survival to guide surgical decision-making.

SUMMARY: This review outlines when and how whole-body imaging techniques (MRI, CT, PET-CT) are used in musculoskeletal oncology for assessing tumor burden, metastases, and syndromic surveillance.

SUMMARY: This classic historical article by William Enneking establishes the surgical staging system for musculoskeletal sarcomas based on grade, local extent, and metastasis, foundational to oncologic orthopaedic practice.

SUMMARY: A 10-year Thai national cohort of over 16,000 spinal metastasis surgeries found rising surgical volume and comorbidity burden, with a 12.8% complication rate and 4.2% in-hospital mortality.

SUMMARY: Landmark Delphi-based paper introduces the Spine Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), a scoring system using tumor location, pain, bone quality, alignment, and vertebral collapse to guide surgical referral for spinal tumors.

SUMMARY: This review outlines reconstructive strategies—skeletal and soft-tissue—for the four types of internal hemipelvectomy defects following pelvic tumor resection.

SUMMARY: This review details C-arm–guided percutaneous techniques for minimally invasive stabilization and local control of periacetabular osteolytic metastases, avoiding morbidity of open reconstruction.

SUMMARY: In 59 patients undergoing separation surgery for metastatic spinal cord compression, MRI-confirmed successful decompression at 2-3 weeks was linked to better motor recovery, ambulation, shorter hospital stay, and longer survival.

SUMMARY: This classic paper introduces Mirels' scoring system, combining site, pain, lesion type, and size to predict pathologic fracture risk in metastatic long bone lesions and guide prophylactic fixation decisions.

SUMMARY: Reviews optimal post-operative imaging and expected findings after pelvic bone tumor resection, highlighting recognition of infection, recurrence, and reconstruction-related complications.

SUMMARY: Reviews emerging evidence on PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitors as potential new treatments for osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and chordoma.