Orthopaedic Oncology Archive

SUMMARY: About 2% of soft-tissue sarcoma patients have skeletal metastasis at diagnosis and up to 10% develop it later; multimodality treatment including surgery can improve survival in selected patients, with 5-year survival around 41% for isolated bone metastases.

SUMMARY: In 74 limb-sparing sarcoma patients, wound-healing events occurred in 61% (22% needing reoperation) and were associated with worse patient-reported physical and mental recovery at 3 months, supporting routine PROMIS monitoring.

SUMMARY: In 167 patients with spinal metastases, separation surgery had less blood loss and shorter operative time than expanded anterior column resection, with no significant difference in survival or local recurrence.

SUMMARY: In 123 MPNST patients, 5-year survival was worse for NF1-associated than sporadic tumors (33% vs 63%); NF1 status and tumor volume independently predicted poor outcome, so NF1 should factor into staging.

SUMMARY: This narrative review of 23 studies found vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty are safe, effective for pain and function in myeloma-related vertebral fractures, with no significant difference between them and mostly asymptomatic cement leakage.

SUMMARY: In 205 patients with metastatic femoral disease, a long uncemented modular stem had a 1% two-year reintervention risk and no revisions for loosening, supporting its use in selected patients.

SUMMARY: In 417 distal radius fixations, single-shot regional blocks were associated with roughly 3 to 4 times higher risk of unscheduled pain-related health care use within three days, reflecting rebound pain.

SUMMARY: After complete decompression of intradural extramedullary tumors with extraspinal extension, retained extraspinal residual grew in only 20% and rarely needed reoperation, so subtotal resection with surveillance can be reasonable when gross total resection adds risk.

SUMMARY: Radiographs remain the key first step in bone tumor assessment, allowing accurate diagnosis in over 80% of cases, with CT and MRI adding value for typical lesions, extent, and surgical planning.

SUMMARY: This review covers RUNX2, a transcription factor essential for bone and osteoblast maturation that is highly elevated in osteosarcoma tumors, and discusses its potential oncogenic role and directions for future study.

SUMMARY: This narrative review covers perioperative complications of cervical spine tumor surgery (airway, vascular, wound, hardware, VTE, dysphagia), concluding that risk stratification and multidisciplinary care matter most, with evidence mostly low-level.

SUMMARY: In 137 limb dedifferentiated liposarcoma patients, those with positive margins confined to the low-grade component and no radiation had no recurrences or metastases, suggesting marginal excision without radiation may be safe in select cases.

SUMMARY: Among 338 patients with major complications after metastatic spine surgery, 21% died within 30 days; a six-predictor model (emergency surgery, smoking, albumin, dependence) discriminated moderately well (AUC 0.74) but needs external validation.

SUMMARY: Review of percutaneous pelvic stabilization for metastatic pathologic fractures of the pelvis and acetabulum; early series show acceptable complications and meaningful pain and function gains with less morbidity than open reconstruction.

SUMMARY: Summarizes seven practice-changing sarcoma papers from 2023-2024, including hypofractionated radiotherapy, nirogacestat for desmoid tumors, new systemic combinations, and better outcomes at high-volume centers.

SUMMARY: Summarizes debates from the 2024 Birmingham Orthopaedic Oncology Meeting on chondrosarcoma management and periprosthetic joint infection in oncologic reconstructions, aiming for global consensus and future research priorities.

SUMMARY: Joint society position statement recommends assessing fracture risk in all women starting aromatase inhibitors and giving bone-directed therapy by T-score and risk factors, with denosumab best supported and adjuvant bisphosphonates favored for high recurrence risk.

SUMMARY: Open-source LLMs extracted six variables from sarcoma pathology reports with at least 85% accuracy in under a second per item, supporting automated registry abstraction in this single-institution pilot.

SUMMARY: Case report of a 46-year-old woman with CIC-rearranged sarcoma of the arm and tumor thrombus extending from the brachial to the internal jugular vein, the first extremity case, underscoring the need for molecular diagnosis.

SUMMARY: In 42 pediatric giant cell tumors of bone, local recurrence was high (45%) and trended higher with open physes; bone marrow edema on preoperative MRI was associated with more recurrence.

SUMMARY: In 55 spinal ependymoma resections, urinary dysfunction peaked at discharge (20%) and improved to 12.7% by 12 months; subtotal resection and intraoperative neuromonitoring changes predicted early dysfunction, and early catheter dependency was not a poor prognostic sign.

SUMMARY: In 176 breast cancer patients with bone metastases, 62% had at least one skeletal-related event despite widespread bone-targeted agents, and nearly half occurred before treatment started.

SUMMARY: This review explains how staphylococcal small colony variants can invade and hide inside host cells, evading antibiotics and potentially causing late PJI recurrence or metastatic infection, and why this matters for developing better eradication strategies.

SUMMARY: Evidence-based review giving surgical oncologists a framework to adapt treatment of GIST, extremity/truncal sarcoma, and retroperitoneal sarcoma when COVID-19 limits access to surgery.

SUMMARY: In 101 surgical patients with metastatic spinal cord compression, unsupervised clustering identified four preoperative phenotypes; chronic, severe deficit with sensory loss predicted the poorest motor recovery, which may help guide counseling.

SUMMARY: Reviews the past decade's advances in limb salvage for osteosarcoma, including adjuvant chemotherapy, ablation, bone transport, and computer navigation, noting limb salvage survival is not inferior to amputation.

SUMMARY: Reviews musculoskeletal adverse effects of common chemotherapy and targeted agents such as taxanes, helping orthopaedic surgeons recognize treatment-related complaints in the growing population of cancer survivors.

SUMMARY: Reviews socioeconomic and insurance-related disparities across musculoskeletal oncology, spanning metastatic bone disease, hematologic malignancies, primary bone cancers, and soft tissue sarcomas.

SUMMARY: In 30 patients, a custom 3D-printed arthrodesis prosthesis after proximal humerus tumor resection gave 100% fusion and good function (MSTS 84%), but total deltoidectomy raised soft-tissue failure risk.

SUMMARY: In 72 patients, postembolization CT-DSA only moderately agreed with catheter angiography, and residual tumor enhancement was not significantly associated with surgical blood loss, so its predictive value needs further validation.