This week in Spine

Sep 21–27, 2026 · 28 new studies, 10 reviews · Spine archive · All weeks

The new Spine research The Reduction sent the week of Sep 21–27, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.

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New research

  1. Risk of Scoliosis in Adolescent Female Rhythmic Gymnasts Compared with Healthy Peers: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Scoliosis Tele-Screening Test.

    Sports Health · Sep 24 2026 · PubMed

    Adolescent competitive rhythmic gymnasts showed significantly higher scoliosis risk scores than healthy peers, supporting periodic scoliosis screening in this population during growth.

  2. Spine Surgery Missions in Low-Resource Settings: Practical Considerations and Lessons Learned.

    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) · Sep 23 2026 · PubMed

    Drawing on experience from Jamaican spine surgery missions, this paper offers practical guidance on logistics, ethics, and partnership-building for successful surgical outreach in low-resource settings.

  3. Association of CT-Based Body Composition Phenotypes With Lumbar Degenerative Disease Characteristics: A Two-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

    Spine · Sep 22 2026 · PubMed

    CT-based body composition phenotyping—especially a fat-infiltrated, muscle-atrophic pattern—predicted lumbar degeneration severity better than BMI, supporting its use for risk stratification.

  4. Segmental relationships between thoracic asymmetry and spinal deformity in mild-to-moderate idiopathic scoliosis patients at first presentation.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 22 2026 · PubMed

    In untreated mild-to-moderate idiopathic scoliosis, segmental rib index correlated with apical vertebral rotation (notably at T9-T11) more than with Cobb angle, suggesting SRI complements Cobb angle for assessing rotational deformity.

  5. Upward versus downward pelvic obliquity in dysplastic hip osteoarthritis: direction-specific factors associated with residual obliquity after total hip arthroplasty.

    Hip International · Sep 22 2026 · PubMed

    After THA for dysplastic hip osteoarthritis, residual pelvic obliquity is driven by leg lengthening in upward-tilted cases and by spinal deformity/reduced lumbar flexibility in downward-tilted cases.

  6. Sarcopenic obesity is associated with more severe functional impairment and lumbar degeneration in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 22 2026 · PubMed

    In 408 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis, sarcopenic obesity independently predicted worse ODI scores, more severe disc degeneration, foraminal stenosis, and Modic changes, supporting routine SO screening in preoperative workup.

  7. ACDF vs PCDF vs Laminoplasty for Multilevel Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Spine · Sep 21 2026 · PubMed

    This meta-analysis found ACDF, PCDF, and laminoplasty yield similar neurological recovery for multilevel cervical myelopathy, but differ in pain, motion, hospital stay, and complications—guiding approach selection.

  8. Low Sensitivity of Neurological Examination, Curve Laterality, and Thoracic Kyphosis for Detecting Chiari I Malformation and Syrinx in Operative Pediatric Scoliosis.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 21 2026 · PubMed

    Standard screening criteria (abnormal exam, left-sided curve, hyperkyphosis) missed 34% of Chiari malformation/syrinx cases in operative pediatric scoliosis, arguing for broader preoperative MRI use.

  9. Pelvic morphology decoupling from lumbar lordosis in chronic low back pain.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 18 2026 · PubMed

    Chronic low back pain patients show a 'decoupling' of lumbar lordosis from underlying pelvic morphology, with pelvic retroversion and lordosis flattening representing a potential rehabilitation target.

  10. Spinal Fusion in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Early Radiographic Outcomes and Complications With a Subset Analysis of Two-year Follow-up in a Multicenter Cohort.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 18 2026 · PubMed

    In a multicenter cohort of Prader-Willi syndrome patients, spinal fusion achieved durable deformity correction but carried notable perioperative complication and reoperation risk, especially with higher BMI.

  11. Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Score Analysis in Diagnosis and Treatment Evaluation of Pediatric Disc Herniation Patients: A Preliminary Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 18 2026 · PubMed

    PROMIS scores show pediatric disc herniation patients have significant pain and mobility impairment, with surgery yielding faster symptom relief despite worse baseline function versus non-operative care.

  12. Peri-Plate Gas Detected on Cervical CT as an Exploratory Imaging Indicator of Esophageal Perforation After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: A Single-Center Observational Study.

    Clinical Spine Surgery · Sep 18 2026 · PubMed

    Among 35 delayed anterior cervical revision cases, peri-plate gas on CT was highly specific (96.3%) for esophageal perforation, offering a useful red-flag to trigger targeted workup.

  13. Association of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis with postoperative outcomes following surgery for degenerative lumbar spine disease.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 18 2026 · PubMed

    A systematic review of Japanese studies found DISH/L-DISH associated with higher reoperation and nonunion risk after lumbar degenerative surgery, but evidence certainty was very low and causality unproven.

  14. Reoperation rates and radiographic outcomes after short-segment standalone lateral lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 17 2026 · PubMed

    In 108 degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients, short-segment standalone LLIF showed low early revision rates (8.3% within 2 years) with durable coronal correction, and revision risk was driven by age, not radiographic parameters.

  15. Lumbar disc herniation with giant extruded or sequestered morphology: feasibility of a conservative-first strategy and the stratification value of contrast-enhanced MRI.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 16 2026 · PubMed

    In this 60-patient cohort, a conservative-first approach for giant extruded/sequestered lumbar disc herniation avoided surgery in 88% at 24 months, with rim enhancement on MRI showing potential (but not definitive) prognostic value.

  16. Comparison of the Sagittal Age-Adjusted Score and the T4-L1PA mismatch in Discriminating Proximal Junctional Kyphosis and Failure in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

    Spine · Sep 14 2026 · PubMed

    In 401 adult spinal deformity patients, the T4-L1PA mismatch outperformed the SAAS specifically for predicting proximal junctional failure, suggesting restoring the T4-L1 relationship helps prevent this severe complication.

  17. Nicotine replacement therapy and elective spinal fusion eligibility: a national analysis of insurance policy language.

    Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    A national policy analysis found most insurers requiring smoking cessation before spinal fusion treat nicotine replacement therapy as equivalent to smoking, despite limited evidence it harms fusion outcomes.

  18. C2 Coronal Angle (C2C): A Novel Predictor of Outcomes Following Adult Thoracolumbar Spinal Deformity Surgery.

    Spine · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    In 328 ASD patients, postoperative C2 coronal angle ≤3.5° independently predicted better SRS-22/SF-36/NDI outcomes and outperformed C7-CSVL, suggesting it as a useful coronal alignment target.

  19. Beyond the curve: long-term lived experiences and psychological outcomes of spinal fusion in adolescents with scoliosis.

    Spine Deformity · Sep 10 2026 · PubMed

    Long-term qualitative interviews of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients after spinal fusion found most reported satisfaction and improved self-image, though some noted lasting activity restrictions and epidural difficulties in pregnancy.

  20. Factors associated with U-type sacral fractures in geriatric patients: A retrospective cohort study.

    Injury · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    In geriatric sacral fractures, spondylosis/spondylolisthesis, prior independent ambulation, and atraumatic mechanism independently predicted U-type (spinopelvic dissociation) morphology, identifying a distinct at-risk profile.

  21. Research priorities in Spine Deformity: a machine learning-based topic analysis of the journal's first decade (2013-2026).

    Spine Deformity · Sep 08 2026 · PubMed

    Machine-learning topic modeling of Spine Deformity's first decade shows growth in fusion outcomes, frailty/perioperative risk, and AI/LLM patient education research, while sagittal alignment and biomechanical topics have cooled.

  22. Impact of GLP-1 Dose Intensity on Perioperative and Long-Term Fusion Outcomes Following ACDF.

    The Spine Journal · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    In a large propensity-matched cohort, high-dose GLP-1 receptor agonists were no riskier than standard doses for perioperative complications or long-term fusion outcomes after ACDF, and both dose levels were linked to lower pseudarthrosis than no GLP-1 use.

  23. Patients Requiring both Lumbar Spinal Fusion and Total Hip Arthroplasty Have Delayed Clinically Relevant Global Improvement Timelines. Findings from a Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Time to MCID.

    Journal of Arthroplasty · Sep 03 2026 · PubMed

    Patients needing both lumbar fusion and total hip arthroplasty had delayed clinically meaningful recovery, but performing lumbar fusion before THA (rather than after) resulted in recovery timelines closer to THA-only patients.

  24. Surgical Outcomes of Cervical Spine Surgery in Elderly Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study Incorporating Patient-reported Outcomes.

    Spine · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    In a large Japanese multicenter study, elderly patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy achieved clinically meaningful neurological improvement after surgery but had significantly less recovery of physical function and limb function than younger patients, underscoring the value of adding patient-reported outcomes to surgical assessment.

  25. GLP-1 agonist use and lower rates of pseudarthrosis and dysphagia following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery, with time-dependent effects.

    Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine · Aug 28 2026 · PubMed

    In this large database study, postoperative GLP-1 agonist use after ACDF was linked to lower rates of pseudarthrosis and dysphagia, suggesting timing-dependent benefits on fusion healing.

  26. Biomechanical effects of lateral pedicle wall violation and subsequent screw redirection on pedicle screw anchorage.

    European Spine Journal · Aug 28 2026 · PubMed

    Cadaveric biomechanical testing showed lateral pedicle wall violation reduces screw anchorage strength, and redirecting these screws further weakens fixation rather than restoring it.

  27. Association Between Lumbar Muscle Function and Reoperation in Patients With Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.

    Clinical Spine Surgery · Aug 18 2026 · PubMed

    In a matched case-control study of 2603 PELD patients, smaller cross-sectional area and greater fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles (psoas, multifidus, erector spinae) were associated with reoperation for recurrent disc herniation, suggesting preoperative muscle quality assessment could help predict recurrence risk.

  28. The Impact of Social Support on Outcomes in Spine Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Clinical Spine Surgery · Aug 11 2026 · PubMed

    This meta-analysis found stronger social support, including marital status, was linked to shorter hospital stays, fewer readmissions, and better outcomes after nontraumatic spine surgery.

Recent reviews

  1. An Introduction to Machine Learning for the Practicing Spine Surgeon.

    Clinical Spine Surgery · Aug 01 2026 · PubMed

    This Clinical Spine Surgery article offers spine surgeons a practical primer on machine learning concepts, model design, and common pitfalls in interpreting AI-driven research.

  2. Risk prediction in spine surgery: a scoping review of traditional models, artificial intelligence, and the challenge of clinical translation.

    Spine Deformity · Apr 13 2026 · PubMed

    Traditional regression-based risk scores remain competitive and trusted versus AI/ML models for spine surgery risk prediction, which still face validation and workflow integration barriers.

  3. Modern Approaches and Time-Tested Methods in Managing Congenital Scoliosis in Children.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Mar 15 2026 · PubMed

    This review outlines current classification, bracing/casting, and surgical strategies (hemiepiphysiodesis, growing rods, hemivertebra excision, definitive fusion) for managing progressive congenital scoliosis in children.

  4. Medical Malpractice Litigation in Orthopaedic Surgery in the United States: Risk Factors, Outcomes, and Strategies for Navigating Lawsuits, Prevention, and Reform.

    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) · Nov 18 2025 · PubMed

    This review outlines malpractice litigation trends in orthopaedic surgery, highlighting high-risk subspecialties and offering risk-management strategies like clear communication and thorough documentation.

  5. Coronal Alignment in Adult Spine Surgery.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · May 15 2024 · PubMed

    Review of coronal malalignment in adult spine surgery covering its causes, evaluation, functional impact, and surgical strategies to achieve proper coronal balance.

  6. Surgical management of symptomatic vertebral hemangiomas: a single institution experience and literature review.

    The Spine Journal · Sep 2023 · PubMed

    This review and single-institution case series discusses surgical management strategies for symptomatic, aggressive vertebral hemangiomas and proposes a treatment algorithm incorporating embolization, radiotherapy, and vertebroplasty.

  7. Best Practice Guidelines for Surgical Site Infection in High-risk Pediatric Spine Surgery: Definition, Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · 2022 Nov-Dec 01 · PubMed

    A Delphi-based expert panel establishes consensus best-practice guidelines defining high-risk patients and standardizing prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of surgical site infection in pediatric spine surgery.

  8. 3D printing applications in spine surgery: an evidence-based assessment toward personalized patient care.

    European Spine Journal · Jul 2022 · PubMed

    This review summarizes current uses of 3D printing in spine surgery (preoperative modeling, custom implants, screw guides) while noting long-term outcome data remain scarce.

  9. Resumption of sport after spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a review of the current literature.

    Spine Deformity · Sep 2021 · PubMed

    This literature review found AIS patients typically return to sport 6-18 months after spinal fusion, with up to a third switching to lower-impact activities but no reported complications from RTS.

  10. Comparative radiological outcomes and complications of sacral-2-alar iliac screw versus iliac screw for sacropelvic fixation.

    European Spine Journal · Aug 2021 · PubMed

    Meta-analysis of 722 patients shows S2AI screws yield less blood loss and fewer complications (reoperation, implant failure, infection) than iliac screws for sacropelvic fixation, making S2AI the preferable option.

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