This week in Sports Medicine

Sep 7–13, 2026 · 34 new studies, 10 reviews · Sports Medicine archive · All weeks

The new Sports Medicine research The Reduction sent the week of Sep 7–13, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.

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New research

  1. High-Velocity Changeups and Sweeper Usage Are Associated With Increased Odds of Undergoing Arthroscopic Shoulder Labral Repair in Professional Baseball Pitchers.

    Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    In MLB pitchers, higher-velocity changeups and greater sweeper usage were linked to increased odds of undergoing arthroscopic shoulder labral repair, while low-velocity off-speed pitches were protective.

  2. Acute and Long-term Effects of Nordic Hamstring Exercise Training on Hamstring Muscle Stiffness: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

    Sports Health · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    Meta-analysis shows Nordic hamstring exercise transiently stiffens the hamstring after a single session, but 6-10 weeks of training produce no significant long-term stiffness change.

  3. Specific functional knee phenotypes are associated with increased osteoarthritis progression: A ≥10-year longitudinal study.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    In a 10-year longitudinal study of 764 knees, specific combined femoral-tibial varus/valgus alignment phenotypes—not just overall limb alignment—predicted significantly higher rates of osteoarthritis progression.

  4. High-Grade Trochlear Dysplasia Confounds Patellar Height Assessment Using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Patellotrochlear and Radiograph-Derived Caton-Deschamps Indices.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 10 2026 · PubMed

    In 152 knees with patellofemoral instability, MRI-based patellotrochlear index and radiographic Caton-Deschamps index agreed well in normal trochleae but diverged substantially in high-grade trochlear dysplasia, and neither correlated with intraoperative instability angle.

  5. Shear-Wave Elastography for Assessing the Histological Characteristics of Torn Rotator Cuff Tendons.

    Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · Sep 10 2026 · PubMed

    Shear-wave elastography stiffness values correlated with collagen disorganization and cellularity patterns in torn supraspinatus tendons, supporting its use as a noninvasive histological marker.

  6. Repair of Labral Tears in a Cadaveric Model Normalizes Acetabular Contact Pressure Distribution and Restores Dynamic Hip Motion.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    Cadaveric study shows labral tears increase superior acetabular contact stress and reduce hip abduction motion, both of which are largely normalized by labral repair, supporting its biomechanical rationale.

  7. Patella Alta and Trochlear Dysplasia as a Determinant of Patellar Tendon Lateralization and Inclination: A Cross-sectional MRI Study in Adolescents With Patellofemoral Instability.

    American Journal of Sports Medicine · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    Two new MRI-based patellar tendon alignment measures (PT-LTR and PTIA) reliably identify patellofemoral instability in adolescents, adding useful information beyond standard TT-TG, patella alta, and trochlear dysplasia measures.

  8. Timing of Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury According to Developmental Stage in Japanese Female Athletes.

    Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    In 335 Japanese female athletes, noncontact ACL injuries peaked during late puberty (84%), identifying this developmental stage as a key risk period.

  9. Psychiatric Comorbidity Is Associated With Increased Failure Rates and Inferior Clinical Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome at a Minimum 10-Year Follow-up.

    American Journal of Sports Medicine · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    In this long-term cohort study, preoperative psychiatric comorbidity was linked to higher failure rates, worse survivorship, and inferior patient-reported outcomes after hip arthroscopy for FAIS at 10 years.

  10. Determining the Elbow Flexion Angle That Minimizes Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Deformity During Reconstruction.

    HAND · Sep 08 2026 · PubMed

    Cadaveric study found LUCL graft length variability is minimized when fixated between 50° and 60° of elbow flexion, suggesting this range may reduce graft stretching and long-term reconstruction failure.

  11. Gluteus Minimus Indentation Is Associated With Acetabular Undercoverage and Increased Femoral Torsion in Patients With Nontraumatic Hip Pain.

    Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · Sep 08 2026 · PubMed

    On MR arthrography, gluteus minimus indentation was more common in dysplastic hips and those with increased femoral torsion, correlating with smaller cartilage area and greater labral volume, suggesting it may mark hip instability though its prognostic significance remains unproven.

  12. Recovery Curves After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Are Slower for Patients With Severe Ligamentous Laxity: A Propensity-Matched Study.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 08 2026 · PubMed

    Patients with generalized ligamentous laxity undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI had comparable long-term outcomes to matched controls, but those with very high Beighton scores (8-9) recovered more slowly with more early pain.

  13. The Associations of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature With Match Injury and Concussion Incidence in American Youth Soccer.

    Sports Health · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    Analysis of youth soccer matches found higher wet bulb globe temperature was associated with lower, not higher, rates of overall injuries, time-loss injuries, and concussions.

  14. The impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on postoperative outcomes following rotator cuff repair.

    Shoulder & Elbow · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    After adjusting for confounders, preoperative GLP-1 receptor agonist use was not independently associated with increased complications after rotator cuff repair, supporting safe perioperative continuation.

  15. Hip and groin pain in physically active adults with a focus on terminology, clinical examination and imaging: A formal ESSKA-EHPA-ESMA Consensus.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    A multidisciplinary ESSKA-EHPA-ESMA consensus standardizes terminology, clinical exam maneuvers, and a stepwise imaging approach for evaluating hip and groin pain in athletes.

  16. Absolute Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Reruptures From the Posterior Tibial Slope Falls With Increasing Age: A Risk Stratification Analysis.

    American Journal of Sports Medicine · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    Increasing age markedly lowers the absolute (but not relative) ACL graft rerupture risk from elevated posterior tibial slope, supporting age-integrated slope-based risk stratification before ACL reconstruction.

  17. A novel classification system for measuring and interpreting tibial tunnel morphology for revision ACLR.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    A new CT-based classification reproducibly categorizes tibial tunnel morphology (five sagittal types, three axial types) after failed ACLR, potentially aiding revision surgery planning.

  18. An International Delphi Consensus on Meniscus Radial Tears: From Diagnosis to Management and Rehabilitation.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 06 2026 · PubMed

    International Delphi consensus recommends repairing acute and ACL-associated meniscal radial tears (age alone not a contraindication), prioritizing anatomic restoration and conservative early rehab regardless of technique.

  19. Structural Allograft Reconstruction for Chronic Proximal Hamstring Avulsion Yields Significant Functional Improvement, Acceptable Satisfaction, but Limited Return to Preinjury Sport Levels.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 06 2026 · PubMed

    In 42 patients with chronic proximal hamstring avulsion, allograft reconstruction significantly improved PHAS/Tegner/UCLA scores, but only 15% returned to preinjury sport level and rerupture occurred in 12%.

  20. KneeFusionNet Enables Accurate and Efficient Comprehensive Detection of Knee Ligament Injuries on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Multicenter Validation Study.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 06 2026 · PubMed

    A multimodal deep learning model (KneeFusionNet) accurately detected ACL, PCL, MCL, and LCL injuries on MRI and, when used as AI assistance, improved junior surgeons' diagnostic accuracy and sped up interpretation.

  21. Tibial Tubercle-Posterior Cruciate Ligament Distance Fails to Capture Pathologic Patellar Lateralization in Trochlear Dysplasia.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 06 2026 · PubMed

    In patellofemoral instability, TT-PCL distance failed to correlate with knee rotation or patellar lateralization in high-grade trochlear dysplasia, whereas TT-TG better reflected rotational malalignment and surgical candidacy.

  22. Combined Ramp Lesion and Lateral Meniscus Root Tear Increase Rotational and Translational Instability in an Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee: A Cadaveric Study.

    Arthroscopy · Sep 06 2026 · PubMed

    Cadaveric testing showed that combining a ramp lesion with a lateral meniscus root tear in an ACL-deficient knee significantly worsens rotational and anterior translational instability compared to either lesion alone.

  23. The Lark-Loop Technique for Onlay Biceps Tenodesis: A Biomechanical, Histological, and Radiological Study in a Rabbit Model.

    American Journal of Sports Medicine · Sep 05 2026 · PubMed

    In a rabbit model, the novel Lark-Loop suture technique for biceps tenodesis achieved biomechanical and histological healing superior to Lasso-Loop and comparable to Krackow stitch, suggesting a viable arthroscopic alternative.

  24. Sport-Specific Virtual Reality Tasks Reveal Distinct Patterns of Biomechanical Adaptation Compared With the Drop Vertical Jump.

    Sports Health · Sep 03 2026 · PubMed

    Sport-specific VR jump tasks revealed more consistent, favorable landing biomechanics after neuromuscular training than traditional drop vertical jump testing, suggesting VR better captures nuanced movement adaptations relevant to ACL injury prevention.

  25. Poor mental health in patients with symptomatic osteochondral lesions of the talus.

    The Bone & Joint Journal · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    This prospective study found that most patients with symptomatic osteochondral talar lesions have mental health scores as poor as those with mood/anxiety disorders, persisting even after successful treatment, supporting integrated mental health care.

  26. Back in the game: analyzing performance outcomes following spinal surgery in WNBA athletes.

    European Spine Journal · Aug 31 2026 · PubMed

    In this small case series of six WNBA players, spinal surgery (mostly for disc herniation) was followed by non-significant declines in playing time and efficiency, with older age worsening and greater height favoring postoperative performance.

  27. Two-Day Spacing Outperforms 1-Hour and 1-Week Spacing in Arthroscopic Training: A Simulation-Based Randomized Controlled Trial With Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Evidence.

    Arthroscopy · Aug 31 2026 · PubMed

    In a simulator-based RCT with fNIRS monitoring, spacing arthroscopic training sessions 2 days apart produced better skill acquisition and retention than 1-hour or 1-week intervals.

  28. High Accuracy of Intraoperative Planning for Tibial Tubercle Distalization: A Retrospective Comparison of Intraoperative Measurements and Postoperative Radiographic Outcomes.

    Arthroscopy · Aug 31 2026 · PubMed

    Intraoperative measurements during distalization tibial tubercle osteotomy closely predicted actual postoperative changes in patellar height (Caton-Deschamps Index), supporting the reliability of intraoperative planning.

  29. Distal Radius Morphology and Bone Mineral Density Show Significant Sex- and Age-Based Differences With Implications for Allograft Glenoid Reconstruction.

    Arthroscopy · Aug 30 2026 · PubMed

    CT analysis shows distal radius curvature, size, and bone density are greater in men and younger patients, suggesting young male donor grafts are optimal for glenoid allograft reconstruction.

  30. Hyperlipidemia Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Secondary Procedures in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.

    Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · Aug 27 2026 · PubMed

    Large database analysis shows hyperlipidemia modestly raises the risk of repeat rotator cuff repair and arthroplasty after arthroscopic RCR, with statin therapy failing to lower this risk.

  31. Is Femoral Head Decentration Reversible After Periacetabular Osteotomy for the Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?

    Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · Aug 27 2026 · PubMed

    In 34 DDH hips undergoing periacetabular osteotomy, femoral head decentration on MRI decreased in extent but fully resolved in only about a third of patients, with persistence linked to excess femoral anteversion and greater intraarticular cartilage/labral degeneration.

  32. Comparison of Clinical Outcome and Return to Work Following Exactech Equinoxe Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Pectoralis Major Tendon Transfer versus Subscapularis Repair.

    Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · Aug 27 2026 · PubMed

    In this retrospective comparison after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, pectoralis major tendon transfer yielded better internal rotation function and strength than subscapularis repair and was independently associated with higher return-to-work rates, without proving overall superiority.

  33. Predictors of External Rotation Recovery following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients with Preoperative Lag Signs.

    Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · Aug 24 2026 · PubMed

    In rTSA for patients with preoperative ER lag, functional external rotation recovery depends on preoperative active ER magnitude and lag severity rather than implant lateralization/distalization geometry, with thresholds (ER1>25°, ER2>40°, ER2 lag<25°) predicting success.

  34. Clinical improvement despite structural degeneration after nonoperative treatment of medial meniscus posterior root tear: A prospective longitudinal study.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Aug 10 2026 · PubMed

    Most nonoperatively treated medial meniscus posterior root tears improved clinically despite ongoing structural degeneration, though greater varus alignment (HKA ≥5.5°) predicted later conversion to surgery.

Recent reviews

  1. Low-tension rotator cuff repair for retracted tears: Balancing mechanical relaxation and footprint coverage.

    Shoulder & Elbow · Sep 03 2026 · PubMed

    Narrative review proposes a tension-aware framework for retracted rotator cuff tears, balancing footprint restoration against repair tension using selective mobilization, margin convergence, or partial repair when full anatomic repair isn't feasible.

  2. Age- and time-specific management of traumatic anterior shoulder instability: The 2024 ESSKA-ESA Formal Consensus. Part 2: Treatment and return to sports.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Aug 2026 · PubMed

    This ESSKA-ESA European consensus provides age- and timing-specific treatment and return-to-sport recommendations for traumatic anterior shoulder instability, emphasizing bone loss thresholds and soft tissue repair to guide individualized surgical versus conservative management.

  3. Management of increased posterior tibial slope in ACL deficiency: A narrative review and recommendation of the Osteotomy Committee of the German Knee Society.

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Aug 03 2026 · PubMed

    German Knee Society expert review offers practical recommendations for measuring posterior tibial slope, individualizing surgical indication, and favoring an infratuberositary approach for corrective osteotomy in ACL-deficient knees.

  4. Jugular Venous Compression Collar for Prevention of Brain Injury due to Repetitive Head Impact and Concussion in Sport: A Scoping Review.

    Sports Health · Jun 24 2026 · PubMed

    This scoping review of 22 studies found no clinically meaningful reduction in concussion rates or neurocognitive effects with jugular venous compression collars, despite some inconsistent imaging changes, so current evidence doesn't support their use.

  5. How Should Hip Instability Be Clinically Diagnosed? Consensus Statements From a Scoping Review and an International Multidisciplinary Delphi Study.

    Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · May 01 2026 · PubMed

    International Delphi consensus identifies key physical exam tests (AB-HEER, prone instability, anterior apprehension), symptoms, and risk factors (female sex, dysplasia) for diagnosing atraumatic hip instability.

  6. A historical review: Surgical management of massive irreparable rotator cuff tears.

    Shoulder & Elbow · Nov 20 2025 · PubMed

    This historical review traces the evolution of surgical treatment for massive irreparable rotator cuff tears, from early open repairs and tendon transfers to modern reverse shoulder arthroplasty and biologic augmentation, noting no single approach is universally best.

  7. The formal EU-US Meniscus Rehabilitation 2024 Consensus: An ESSKA-AOSSM-AASPT initiative. Part I-Rehabilitation management after meniscus surgery (meniscectomy, repair and reconstruction).

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · Aug 2025 · PubMed

    This ESSKA-AOSSM-AASPT consensus recommends criterion-based rehabilitation after meniscectomy and combined time- and criterion-based progression after meniscus repair/reconstruction, based on largely low-quality evidence but high expert agreement.

  8. Principles of the superior labrum and biceps complex: an expert consensus from the NEER Circle.

    Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery · Jun 2025 · PubMed

    An expert consensus from shoulder surgeons found only partial agreement on managing superior labrum/biceps pathology, favoring SLAP repair in younger active patients and biceps treatment in older, lower-demand patients, with age as the key decision driver.

  9. PRP or not PRP: Is the debate surrounding platelets-based blood-derived products evolving?

    Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy · May 2025 · PubMed

    This review argues that inconsistent PRP preparation and classification (platelet count, leukocyte content, activation) hampers standardization, and calls for a unified classification system to guide clinical use of blood-derived orthobiologics.

  10. Orthobiologic Augmentation to Improve Rotator Cuff Repair Outcomes: Current and Future Strategies.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · May 30 2025 · PubMed

    Reviews biologic mechanisms of tendon-bone healing after rotator cuff repair and current augmentation strategies—bone marrow stimulation, PRP, and stem cell therapy—while previewing emerging cell-based treatments like extracellular vesicles.

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