This week in Pediatric Orthopaedics

Jun 22–28, 2026 · 31 new studies, 10 reviews · Pediatric Orthopaedics archive · All weeks

The new Pediatric Orthopaedics research The Reduction sent the week of Jun 22–28, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.

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New research

  1. A comparison of tension-band plate growth modulation in mucopolysaccharidoses versus idiopathic angular deformities.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    Tension-band plate correction rates were comparable between mucopolysaccharidoses and idiopathic angular deformities, demonstrating effectiveness in syndromic patients.

  2. The Coronal Lateral Collateral Ligament Sign Occurs Independent of Generalized Joint Hyperlaxity in Children and Adolescents With ACL-Deficient Knees.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    Lateral collateral ligament sign in ACL-deficient pediatric knees occurs independent of generalized joint hyperlaxity, suggesting ACL-specific instability indicator.

  3. Tether Breakage Across First-generation and Second-generation Vertebral Body Tethering Devices in Treating Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    Radiographic tether breakage in vertebral body tethering remains 50% with second-generation devices; surgeon-observed breakage improved significantly with newer technology.

  4. Evaluation of rotational profile and foot loading in the uninvolved leg of children with unilateral clubfoot treated with foot abduction orthoses.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    Uninvolved legs in unilateral clubfoot show external hip rotation and bimalleolar axis changes but no clinically significant impact on thigh-foot angle or foot loading.

  5. Staged Centralisation and Pollicisation for Radial Longitudinal Deficiency: A Case Series Emphasising Pre-pollicisation Index-Middle Finger Pinch Training.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific) · Aug 2026 · PubMed

    Staged centralisation and pollicisation for radial longitudinal deficiency with pre-pollicisation pinch training achieved early grasp and fine motor skills.

  6. Proximal ulnar osteochondroma as a potential risk factor for radial head dislocation: A retrospective analysis.

    Journal of Children's Orthopaedics · Aug 2026 · PubMed

    Proximal ulnar osteochondromas in hereditary multiple osteochondromas predispose to radial head dislocation; surgical resection prevents subluxation or dislocation.

  7. Complications of Implant Removal of Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Aug 01 2026 · PubMed

    Implant removal after pediatric femur fracture fixation has low complication rates; plates require longer operative time and greater blood loss than nails.

  8. Operative Treatment Versus Spica Casting for Treatment of Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures in Children Aged 4 to 6 Years: A Large Multi-Institutional Age-Stratified Comparative Analysis.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Aug 01 2026 · PubMed

    Operative management of femoral shaft fractures in ages 4-6 years increased 94% despite limited evidence; family-centered considerations likely drive adoption.

  9. Intraoperative Hip Arthrography to Guide Decision-Making in Cerebral Palsy Hip Reconstruction.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Aug 01 2026 · PubMed

    Intraoperative hip arthrography in cerebral palsy hip reconstruction reduced pelvic osteotomy rates by 34% without increasing failure rates, enabling more selective and individualized surgical decision-making.

  10. Art and Pediatric Orthopaedics: Bosch, Chronicler of Medieval Disability.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jul 01 2026 · PubMed

    Medieval artist Bosch's depiction of musculoskeletal deformities illustrates historical continuity in pediatric orthopedic goals of restoring mobility and independence.

  11. Evaluation of Language Diversity Among Orthopaedic Surgeons.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Jul 01 2026 · PubMed

    Only 8.3% of orthopaedic surgeons speak languages beyond English, creating significant disparities with patient populations and limiting language-concordant care.

  12. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Detects Functional and Structural Alterations in Post-Traumatic Distal Tibial Physeal Bars: A Preliminary Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jul 01 2026 · PubMed

    DTI detects functional and structural alterations in post-traumatic distal tibial physeal bars that correlate with bar size, potentially serving as imaging biomarker.

  13. A Patient-centered Approach to Analyzing the Quality, Credibility, and Readability of Spanish-language Online Patient Educational Materials on Pediatric Scoliosis.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Jul 01 2026 · PubMed

    Spanish-language online resources on pediatric scoliosis are written above recommended reading levels and have poor credibility, highlighting a need for better patient education materials for Spanish-speaking families.

  14. Pelvis and lower extremity fractures related to 4-wheeled off-road vehicles: trends from the national electronic injury surveillance system database.

    OTA International · Jun 2026 · PubMed

    Off-road vehicle injuries cause increasing rates of lower extremity fractures in US, with notable rise in ankle, knee, and pelvis fractures after 2018.

  15. Outcomes From a Health-Related Social Needs Screening Initiative in Pediatric Orthopaedic Patients: A Prospective Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jun 25 2026 · PubMed

    Systematic health-related social needs screening in pediatric orthopaedics increases resource referrals and service enrollment from 25% to 61%.

  16. Internal Extramedullary Lengthening of the Femur With an Intramedullary Lengthening Nail: Outcomes and Technical Considerations From 2 Centers.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jun 23 2026 · PubMed

    Motorized extramedullary femoral lengthening achieved median 3.8 cm lengthening in young children with 56% experiencing complications, comparable to other lengthening techniques.

  17. Straightening the facts: early versus late adolescent surgery in idiopathic scoliosis.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · Jun 17 2026 · PubMed

    Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery before age 14 achieved superior radiographic correction maintained over 2 years versus age 14+, with similar clinical outcomes.

  18. Twenty-Five Years of Global Private Investment in Pediatric Orthopaedic Start-ups.

    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) · Jun 17 2026 · PubMed

    Private investment in pediatric orthopaedic start-ups represents only 10% of orthopaedic investments overall, highlighting significant underfunding of pediatric device and technology development.

  19. Discrepancy Rates Between Skeletal Maturity Assessment Systems in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jun 16 2026 · PubMed

    Substantial discordance (16-25%) exists among skeletal maturity systems in adolescent scoliosis; Risser staging frequently overestimates maturity versus Sanders and CVM.

  20. Does Hi-PoAD technique work for congenital scoliosis: a single centre case series.

    European Spine Journal · Jun 15 2026 · PubMed

    Hi-PoAD technique achieves meaningful deformity correction in congenital scoliosis with low complication rates, extending its utility beyond adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

  21. Trends of E-Scooter-Related Pediatric Orthopaedic Injuries: 20 Years of Nationally Representative Data.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Jun 15 2026 · PubMed

    Pediatric e-scooter orthopaedic injuries increased over 20 years, predominantly fractures of upper extremities in male children; most treated same-day.

  22. Safety and efficacy of intraoperative vectored cranial traction with Gardner-Wells tongs for pediatric spine deformity surgery.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · Jun 12 2026 · PubMed

    Vectored traction with Gardner-Wells tongs significantly reduces pressure-related complications during pediatric prone spine surgery without perioperative vision loss.

  23. A mini-review of risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip: insights from multiple comparative cohort studies.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · Jun 12 2026 · PubMed

    Breech presentation, family history, oligohydramnios, and female sex increase DDH risk three to four-fold; targeted screening warranted for these high-risk groups.

  24. Child and Adolescent Athletes at Greatest Risk of Concussions and Closed Head Injuries in Male Ice Hockey: A 20-Year Analysis of National Injury Data.

    Sports Health · Jun 05 2026 · PubMed

    Concussions and closed head injuries in male youth ice hockey increased 290% from 2004-2023, with head-to-ice contact the leading mechanism in children.

  25. A Comparison of Patient-Reported and Radiographic Outcomes Across Rigid and Flexible Flatfeet Following Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy in Pediatric Patients.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jun 05 2026 · PubMed

    Calcaneal lengthening osteotomy significantly improves pain and radiographic alignment in children with both rigid and flexible flatfeet, with comparable outcomes between groups at short-term follow-up.

  26. Characterizing risk factors for new neurological deficits in children undergoing posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis.

    Spine Deformity · May 28 2026 · PubMed

    Preoperative steroid use, low albumin, and prolonged PT predict neurological complications after pediatric scoliosis fusion; antifibrinolytic use is protective.

  27. Sports Participation Among Children and Adolescents Following Treatment With the Ponseti Method for Idiopathic Clubfoot: A Multicenter Survey Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · May 26 2026 · PubMed

    79.5% of children treated for clubfoot with Ponseti method participate in sports, similar to siblings, supporting excellent functional outcomes long-term.

  28. Evaluation of a Pediatric Surgical Risk Calculator for Postoperative Outcomes in Spinal Deformity.

    Global Spine Journal · May 25 2026 · PubMed

    ACS-NSQIP calculator substantially underestimates overall complication risk in pediatric spinal deformity surgery, particularly for extensive fusions and neuromuscular scoliosis.

  29. Limb occlusion pressure adjusted tourniquet use results in adequate hemostasis in pediatric limb surgeries: a prospective clinical study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B · May 01 2026 · PubMed

    LOP-adjusted tourniquet use achieved adequate hemostasis in 95.6% of pediatric limb surgeries with no complications, reducing pressure compared to fixed adult values.

  30. Radial polydactyly and thumb hypoplasia: retrospective analysis of clinical presentations and a proposed surgical strategy.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (European) · Apr 24 2026 · PubMed

    When radial polydactyly coexists with thumb hypoplasia, addressing both anomalies together yields good function and appearance, so surgeons should actively screen for hypoplasia.

  31. Reconstruction of Wassel-Flatt type IV-VII radial polydactyly with a modified Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure: a consecutive series of 22 cases.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (European) · Mar 31 2026 · PubMed

    Modified Bilhaut-Cloquet procedure achieves near-normal thumb size and high satisfaction for Wassel IV–VII polydactyly with two small duplicates, making it a reliable combination technique.

Recent reviews

  1. What's New in Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) Hand Surgery?

    Journal of Hand Surgery (Global Online) · Jul 2026 · PubMed

    WALANT hand surgery provides noninferior outcomes, high patient satisfaction, environmental benefits, and cost savings compared to regional/general anesthesia.

  2. Pediatric Finger Fractures: Preventing Big Problems After Small Fractures.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (American) · Mar 2026 · PubMed

    Most pediatric finger fractures heal well nonoperatively, but recognizing problematic patterns guides surgical indications for optimal outcomes.

  3. Decoding the immune landscape in Ewing sarcoma pathogenesis: The role of tumor infiltrating immune cells and immune milieu.

    Journal of Bone Oncology · Jun 2025 · PubMed

    Ewing sarcoma tumor microenvironment includes immunosuppressive cells and molecules impairing anti-tumor immunity; targeting these offers therapeutic potential.

  4. Advancements and applications of 3D printing in pediatric orthopedics: A comprehensive review.

    Journal of Children's Orthopaedics · Apr 2025 · PubMed

    Three-dimensional printing enhances surgical precision and reduces operative time in pediatric orthopedic applications for deformities, tumors, and spinal pathology.

  5. Treatment of Length-Unstable Pediatric Femur Fractures in Children Aged 5 to 11 years: A Focused Review.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · May 01 2024 · PubMed

    Length-unstable pediatric femur fractures require selecting between flexible nails, submuscular plates, or rigid nails based on age, weight, and fracture pattern.

  6. Management of low back pain accompanying sagittal plane pathologies in children: Spondylolysis/spondylolisthesis and Scheuermann's disease.

    Journal of Children's Orthopaedics · Dec 2023 · PubMed

    Low-grade spondylolisthesis responds to conservative care; high-grade disease is progressive and requires fusion; pedicle screw techniques achieve >90% fusion rates.

  7. Nonneurologic Cavovarus Feet in Skeletally Immature Patients: Main Causes and Principles of Treatment.

    Foot & Ankle Clinics · Dec 2023 · PubMed

    Cavovarus foot describes three-dimensional deformity; classification by affected tripod leg (hindfoot, forefoot, first metatarsal) guides surgical planning.

  8. Congenital Upper-Limb Differences: A 6-Year Literature Review.

    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (American) · Oct 04 2023 · PubMed

    Recent advances include refined classification systems, improved syndactyly techniques, promising radialization for radial deficiency, and recognition of good psychosocial adaptation in children.

  9. Breast Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Cost in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients and the Role of Low Dose Biplanar Radiography.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Sep 01 2023 · PubMed

    Radiation exposure from scoliosis radiographs may cause up to 5,600 excess breast cancers and 420 additional deaths annually; low-dose biplanar imaging should be used whenever possible.

  10. Pediatric Flexor Tendon Injuries.

    Hand Clinics · May 2023 · PubMed

    Pediatric flexor tendon injuries require age-appropriate examination, delayed diagnosis management, and tailored postoperative protocols for successful outcomes.

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