This week in Pediatric Orthopaedics

Sep 7–13, 2026 · 17 new studies, 9 reviews · Pediatric Orthopaedics archive · All weeks

The new Pediatric Orthopaedics research The Reduction sent the week of Sep 7–13, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.

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New research

  1. The Association of Long-Term Cardiac Issues for Adult Patients With Versus Without Scoliosis.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Sep 11 2026 · PubMed

    Large database study shows adults with idiopathic, neuromuscular, or congenital scoliosis have significantly higher odds of various cardiac comorbidities, supporting closer cardiac follow-up.

  2. Closed reduction technique for complex dorsal metacarpophalangeal dislocation in children.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (European) · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    A closed reduction technique using hyperextension, rotation, and ulnar deviation was evaluated for treating complex dorsal metacarpophalangeal (Kaplan) dislocations in 16 pediatric patients.

  3. Patella Alta and Trochlear Dysplasia as a Determinant of Patellar Tendon Lateralization and Inclination: A Cross-sectional MRI Study in Adolescents With Patellofemoral Instability.

    American Journal of Sports Medicine · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    Two new MRI-based patellar tendon alignment measures (PT-LTR and PTIA) reliably identify patellofemoral instability in adolescents, adding useful information beyond standard TT-TG, patella alta, and trochlear dysplasia measures.

  4. One in Four Children Experience BMI Increase After Lower Extremity Surgery Without Return to Preoperative Levels: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    In a cohort of 411 pediatric lower extremity surgery patients, 26.5% had a clinically meaningful BMI increase by 3 months, and most did not return to baseline by 1 year, highlighting a need for perioperative weight management support.

  5. Pedicle screw vs. pedicle screw-rod-hook direct repair for adolescent lumbar spondylolysis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 09 2026 · PubMed

    In adolescent spondylolysis repair, pedicle screw fixation alone fused faster but left less post-removal segmental motion than screw-rod-hook constructs, though pain/function outcomes were similar.

  6. Mapping Nerve Transfer Adoption in Brachial Plexus Birth Injury Reconstruction, 2005-2024.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (American) · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    Analysis of a national pediatric database shows nerve transfers are increasingly replacing autografting for brachial plexus birth injury, especially in older infants and among orthopaedic surgeons, with regional variation.

  7. Feasibility and Clinical Utility of a Modified Step Test for Evaluating Exercise Intolerance After Pediatric and Adolescent Concussion in the Ambulatory Setting.

    Sports Health · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    A simple in-office modified step test feasibly identified exercise intolerance after pediatric/adolescent concussion, which was associated with prolonged recovery beyond 28 days.

  8. Publication Volume and Fellowship Characteristics Are Associated With Future Academic Faculty Appointments in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 07 2026 · PubMed

    Case-control study of 473 pediatric orthopaedic fellows finds higher prefellowship publication volume, allopathic training, advanced degrees, and top-tier fellowship programs predict future academic faculty appointments.

  9. Medial Pedicle Wall Referencing Extra-pedicular (EP) Screw Insertion Technique in Narrow Dysplastic Pedicles During Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF) in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) Patients.

    Clinical Spine Surgery · Sep 04 2026 · PubMed

    A medial pedicle wall referencing technique for extra-pedicular screws in narrow dysplastic thoracic pedicles in AIS surgery achieved shorter, less convergent trajectories with a low critical perforation rate.

  10. Sport-Specific Virtual Reality Tasks Reveal Distinct Patterns of Biomechanical Adaptation Compared With the Drop Vertical Jump.

    Sports Health · Sep 03 2026 · PubMed

    Sport-specific VR jump tasks revealed more consistent, favorable landing biomechanics after neuromuscular training than traditional drop vertical jump testing, suggesting VR better captures nuanced movement adaptations relevant to ACL injury prevention.

  11. A Simplified Method for Talocalcaneal Coalition Excision.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 03 2026 · PubMed

    A simplified Kirschner-wire-guided technique for talocalcaneal coalition excision reduced operative time and cost compared to traditional methods without increasing complications.

  12. The Scolioscoop® V3: A low-tech self-assessment tool for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

    European Spine Journal · Sep 02 2026 · PubMed

    The Scolioscoop V3 correlated excellently with the Bunnell Scoliometer when used by trained clinicians, but showed poor reliability for unsupervised home use by parents/caregivers.

  13. Cell Saver Use is Not Associated With Increased Morbidity But Reflects Transfusion Burden in Pediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 02 2026 · PubMed

    In over 20,000 pediatric spinal fusion cases, cell saver use was not linked to increased overall morbidity, though high-volume use correlated with more neurological complications, likely reflecting bleeding severity rather than a direct effect.

  14. Art and Pediatric Orthopaedics: The Silent Messenger: Visualizing Trust, Mobility, and Recovery in Pediatric Orthopaedic Care.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Sep 01 2026 · PubMed

    This historical and visual analysis explores how the Shriners' 'Silent Messenger' sculpture symbolizes trust, mobility, and recovery in pediatric orthopaedic care.

  15. Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon Use of Removable Splints for Common Pediatric Distal Radius and Fibula Fractures: A 10-year Update.

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Aug 31 2026 · PubMed

    A 2025 POSNA survey shows a dramatic rise in removable splint use for pediatric distal radius and fibula fractures since 2015, with family preference and compliance concerns as main barriers.

  16. Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus in children and adolescents: proposal for a modified classification.

    Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery · Aug 17 2026 · PubMed

    A new modified AO classification for pediatric coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus showed moderate inter-rater reliability and better accuracy than prior systems, though cross-sectional imaging is needed for reliable use.

  17. Ultrasound-Guided Supracondylar Radial Nerve Block Versus Hematoma Block for Closed Reductions of Distal Radius Fracture in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (Global Online) · Aug 07 2026 · PubMed

    RCT found ultrasound-guided supracondylar radial nerve block gave better pain control than hematoma block during distal radius fracture reduction, with no difference in reduction quality.

Recent reviews

  1. Current Ethics of Hand Transplants in Non-Immunocompromised Children.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (American) · Apr 03 2026 · PubMed

    Applying pediatric ethics frameworks, the authors argue immunocompetent pediatric hand transplantation remains ethically impermissible outside rigorous clinical trials given uncertain risk-benefit tradeoffs.

  2. Endoprosthetic Use in Pediatric and Adolescent Lower Limb Sarcoma Treatment.

    Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · Mar 01 2026 · PubMed

    This review discusses endoprosthetic reconstruction options, complications, and shared decision-making challenges in treating pediatric and adolescent lower limb sarcoma near the knee.

  3. Congenital upper limb difference patient registries: characteristics, comparisons and recommendations.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (European) · Jan 2026 · PubMed

    This review compares major congenital upper limb difference registries (US, Nordic, Australian, UK) and offers recommendations to improve data standardization and interoperability.

  4. Guidelines for returning to activity after spinal deformity surgery.

    Spine Deformity · Mar 2025 · PubMed

    This SRS educational paper offers consensus guidelines for safely resuming activity after spinal deformity surgery across pediatric, adult, and athletic patient populations.

  5. Reconsideration of Return-to-Sport Decision-Making After Pediatric ACL Injury: A Scoping Review.

    Sports Health · 2023 · PubMed

    This scoping review found no clear, evidence-based criteria guide return-to-sport decisions after pediatric ACL reconstruction, and current limb-symmetry thresholds likely overestimate true knee function.

  6. Adolescent Wrist Pain.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (American) · Nov 2022 · PubMed

    This review addresses the diagnostic and psychosocial complexities of evaluating and managing wrist pain in adolescent patients, emphasizing the interplay between physical injury and emotional distress.

  7. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis : a review of aetiological theories of a multifactorial disease.

    The Bone & Joint Journal · Aug 2022 · PubMed

    This review examines competing aetiological theories—genetic, epigenetic, and environmental—behind adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, arguing that earlier mechanistic understanding could improve diagnosis and timing of intervention.

  8. Has the Threshold for Epiphysiodesis Versus Lengthening Changed in the Era of Magnetically Controlled Nails?

    Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · Jul 01 2021 · PubMed

    This review argues that magnetically controlled lengthening nails' improved accuracy and satisfaction may justify lowering the threshold for lengthening even in limb length discrepancies under 2 cm.

  9. Peripheral Nerve Compression Syndromes in Children.

    Journal of Hand Surgery (American) · Sep 2020 · PubMed

    This review updates the diagnosis and management of pediatric peripheral nerve compression syndromes, including carpal tunnel syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis-related neuropathy, and ulnar/radial nerve entrapments.

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