Aug 31 – Sep 6, 2026 · 17 new studies, 10 reviews · Pediatric Orthopaedics archive · All weeks
The new Pediatric Orthopaedics research The Reduction sent the week of Aug 31 – Sep 6, 2026, with the week’s most recent reviews, each with a one-line summary.
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When is Vertebral Body Tethering in a Patient With an Open Triradiate Cartilage a Good Idea?
In 115 patients with open triradiate cartilage undergoing thoracic vertebral body tethering, only 56% achieved successful curve correction, with undercorrection linked to larger initial/first-erect curves and overcorrection linked to smaller preoperative curves, helping refine patient selection.
In children with spastic cerebral palsy, greater severity of forearm/wrist/finger deformity correlated with reduced biceps and flexor muscle bulk and altered extensor pennation angle, supporting ultrasound-guided assessment to tailor upper limb interventions.
Retrospective study finds that Graf type I hips with a blunt bony rim on early ultrasound are at higher risk for later acetabular dysplasia, supporting continued surveillance despite initially normal screening.
In this large adolescent cohort, acetabular dysplasia prevalence was 6.4% and was strongly linked to skeletal immaturity, suggesting dysplasia can develop later in childhood rather than only in infancy.
In 88 AIS patients, 3D ultrasound measurement of the plane of maximum curvature was reliable, with the endplate-apex-endplate method recommended for radiation-free assessment of moderate-to-severe curves.
A retrospective study found all-pedicle screw selective thoracic fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis achieved durable curve correction and clinical improvement at over 5 years, with low complication rates.
Systematic review of 12 studies (5015 patients) finds machine learning applied to surface topography can estimate scoliosis curve severity with accuracy approaching radiographs, though curve-type classification remains less reliable.
Transposition osteotomy improved 20-year joint survival in dysplastic hips but did not significantly benefit borderline dysplastic hips, suggesting dysplasia severity should guide patient selection for surgery.
In pediatric proximal femoral endoprosthetic reconstruction, pre-adolescents had poor implant survival regardless of articulation, while THA outperformed hemiarthroplasty in adolescents despite a higher early dislocation risk.
Retrospective review of 66 web commissures after simple syndactyly release found no significant difference in web creep reoperation rates between skin graft-sparing local flaps and full-thickness skin grafts (~32% overall).
In 175 pediatric limb reconstruction patients, intramedullary lengthening caused a U-shaped weight dip (~2% below baseline at 6 weeks) that trended with slower bone healing.
In a large US database, clavicle fracture incidence rose 68% from 2015-2024, is more common in males with a bimodal age pattern, frequently coexists with rib fractures, and surgical fixation rates increased to about 7.5%, highest in young adults.
In 155 AIS patients treated with a posterior dynamic distracting device, convergent caudal screw angulation—not screw depth or diameter—predicted mechanical failure and revision, especially in Lenke type 5 curves.
In Scheuermann's kyphosis surgery, achieving near-neutral PI-LL mismatch best predicts functional improvement while greater thoracic kyphosis correction best predicts pain relief, favoring individualized rather than universal alignment goals.
In a biomechanical model, both Webril and Specialist cast padding allowed temperatures exceeding burn thresholds during bivalving, with neither offering reliably superior thermal protection against cast saw burns.
Changes in spinal alignment after implant removal in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
In a retrospective study of 25 AIS patients, implant removal after posterior spinal fusion caused mild coronal deterioration and progressive thoracic kyphosis (worse with earlier removal), while lumbar and pelvic parameters stayed stable.
A life-cycle analysis found WALANT reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 81% compared to general anesthesia for pediatric trigger thumb release, supporting its use as a sustainable surgical option.
This review outlines how radiography, CT, MRI, and PET/CT each contribute to Ewing sarcoma diagnosis, staging, and treatment response assessment, with radiomics/AI emerging as promising tools for risk stratification.
Madelung Deformity: A Current Concepts Review.
This review outlines Madelung deformity's genetic associations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options—from physiolysis in children to corrective osteotomies in adults—while noting a need for standardized outcome reporting.
This review explains how small-sided game design (e.g., area per player) affects mechanical load in adolescent soccer players and offers practical guidelines to individualize training and reduce injury risk during growth.
Tranexamic acid in elective pediatric orthopedic surgery: a comprehensive review.
A review of retrospective studies in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy found tranexamic acid reduces intraoperative blood loss and transfusion needs without thromboembolic events, supporting its safety in pediatric orthopedic surgery.
Methods of Assessing Skeletal Maturity When Planning Surgeries About the Knee.
This review compares radiograph- and MRI-based methods for assessing skeletal maturity around the knee to guide pediatric surgical decision-making, noting each method's strengths and weaknesses.
The Impact of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Pregnancy.
This review notes pregnancy-related spinal biomechanical changes can increase low back pain risk after AIS fusion to L3 or below, though curve progression risk remains low and epidural placement may be more difficult.
The gender and sex data gap in anterior cruciate ligament injuries in paediatric patients.
This review highlights a gender data gap in pediatric ACL injuries, noting girls in pivoting sports face higher injury/reinjury rates and worse outcomes, and calls for more sex-specific research.
Management of Open Fractures of the Extremities and Pediatrics.
This review updates current evidence and controversies on antibiotic timing, surgical timing, and flap coverage in managing open extremity fractures in adults and children.
The Role of Sex and Gender in Transgender Bone and Other Musculoskeletal Health.
This JBJS review shows transgender women have lower pre-therapy bone density with fracture risk approaching cisgender women after age 50, while transgender men maintain normal BMD, guiding DXA interpretation and bone health management in gender-affirming care.
Adverse effects following botulinum toxin A injections in children with cerebral palsy.
This review of over 6,300 children found botulinum toxin A injections for cerebral palsy commonly cause respiratory adverse events, more frequent and severe with higher doses, warranting caution in GMFCS IV-V patients.
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